Excretion and Coordination: Neurones and Eye Quiz
Estimated time: 45 minutes
Total: 41 marks
Scope: Excretion in humans, plus the neurones and eye sections of coordination and response. Hormonal coordination, homeostasis, temperature regulation, and tropic responses are excluded.
Instructions: Answer all questions. Questions are short-answer or multiple-choice; there are no extended-response questions.
Multiple-choice questions
Q1
Which waste product is excreted through the lungs?
A. Urea
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Excess ions
D. Glucose
Q2
Which statement about the kidney is correct?
A. The medulla is the outer region.
B. The cortex is the inner region.
C. The medulla is the inner region.
D. The cortex stores urine.
Q3
What is the function of a sensory neurone?
A. It carries impulses from the CNS to an effector.
B. It carries impulses between neurones in the CNS.
C. It carries impulses from a receptor to the CNS.
D. It carries hormones from a gland to a target organ.
Q4
Why do synapses ensure that impulses travel in one direction?
A. Neurotransmitter vesicles and receptor proteins are arranged at opposite sides of the synapse.
B. Electrical impulses cannot travel along neurones.
C. The synaptic gap contains no chemicals.
D. Receptors release neurotransmitters into both neurones.
Q5
Which part of the retina gives the sharpest colour vision?
A. Blind spot
B. Fovea
C. Optic nerve
D. Cornea
Short-answer questions
Q6
Name the four structures of the urinary system and give the route taken by urine from its formation to leaving the body. [5]
Q7
Explain how excess amino acids are converted into urea. State why urea must be excreted. [4]
Q8
Describe filtration and selective reabsorption in a nephron. State the substances that remain in urine after reabsorption. [5]
Q9
State the pathway of a simple reflex arc, beginning with a receptor and ending with an effector. Include the role of the relay neurone and explain why the response is useful. [5]
Q10
State the function of each structure below. Then give one difference between rods and cones. [7]
(a) cornea
(b) iris
(c) lens
(d) retina
(e) optic nerve
(f) blind spot
(g) rods and cones
Q11
Describe the pupil reflex in:
(a) bright light [2]
(b) dim light [2]
Include the actions of the circular and radial muscles.
Q12
Describe accommodation for:
(a) a near object [3]
(b) a distant object [3]
Include ciliary muscles, suspensory ligaments, and lens shape.